Last update :
27/11/2024
References   References 4837  
Type : Journal
Web link : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00228-024-03678-6

Research teams : Bentley - Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
Authors : De Silva, D.T.N Petrovski M, Strunk T, Mukadam N, Page‑Sharp N, Moore B.R, Batty K.T.
Title : Physicochemical compatibility of caffeine citrate and caffeine base injections with parenteral medications used in neonatal intensive care settings.
Reference : Eur J Clin Pharmacol ; 80:1079–1087. 2024

Level of Evidence : 
Physical stability : 
Chemical stability : 
Other methods : 
Comments : 

List of drugs
injectionAciclovir sodium Antiviral
Compatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Incompatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionAlprostadil Vasodilator
Compatible 20 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionAmoxicillin sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionAmphotericin B Antifungal
Compatible 0.1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0,1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionAmphotericin B liposomale Antifungal
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Incompatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionAmpicillin sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionCaffeine Respiratory stimulant
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAciclovir sodium 5 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAlprostadil 20 µg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAmoxicillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAmphotericin B 0.1 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAmphotericin B liposomale 2 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionAmpicillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCalcium gluconate 100 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCefotaxime sodium 100 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCiprofloxacin lactate 2 mg/ml
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionClonidine hydrochloride 0.02 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCloxacillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionDexmedetomidine 1 µg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionDobutamine hydrochloride 7.2 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionDopamine hydrochloride 7.2 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionEpinephrine hydrochloride 64 µg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionFentanyl citrate 50 µg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionFlucloxacillin sodium 50 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionFluconazole 2 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionFurosemide 1 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionGentamicin sulfate 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionHeparin sodium 100 UI/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionHydrocortisone sodium succinate 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionIbuprofen lysinate 4 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionIndomethacin sodium trihydrate 0.2 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionInsulin 0.2 UI/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionLevetiracetam 5 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionLinezolid 2 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionLinezolid 2 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMeropenem 50 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMetronidazole 5 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMidazolam hydrochloride 1 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMilrinone lactate 0.4 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMorphine hydrochloride 0.2 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionMorphine sulfate 0.2 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionNorepinephrine bitartrate 64 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionNorepinephrine bitartrate 0.064 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionParacetamol 10 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionPenicillin G sodium 0.17 MUI/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionPhenobarbital sodium 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionPiperacillin sodium / tazobactam 200 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionRifampicin 6 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionSodium bicarbonate 42 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionVancomycin hydrochloride 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionVecuronium bromide 1 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionCaffeine citrate Respiratory stimulant
Incompatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAciclovir sodium 5 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAlprostadil 20 µg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAmoxicillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAmphotericin B 0,1 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Incompatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAmphotericin B liposomale 2 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionAmpicillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCalcium gluconate 100 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCefotaxime sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCiprofloxacin lactate 2 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionClonidine hydrochloride 0,002 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCloxacillin sodium 100 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionDexmedetomidine 1 µg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionDobutamine hydrochloride 7,2 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionDopamine hydrochloride 7,2 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionEpinephrine hydrochloride 64 µg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionFentanyl citrate 50 µg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionFlucloxacillin sodium 50 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionFluconazole 2 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionGentamicin sulfate 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionHeparin sodium 100 UI/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionHydrocortisone sodium succinate 1 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Incompatible 20 mg/ml + injectionHydrocortisone sodium succinate 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Incompatible 20 mg/ml + injectionIbuprofen lysinate 4 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionIndomethacin sodium trihydrate 0,2 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionInsulin 0,2 UI/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionLevetiracetam 5 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionLinezolid 2 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMeropenem 50 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMetronidazole 5 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMidazolam hydrochloride 1 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMilrinone lactate 0,4 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMorphine hydrochloride 0,2 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionMorphine sulfate 0,2 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionNorepinephrine bitartrate 0,064 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionParacetamol 10 mg/ml
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionPenicillin G sodium 0.17 MUI/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionPhenobarbital sodium 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionPiperacillin sodium / tazobactam 200 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionRifampicin 6 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionSodium bicarbonate 42 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionVancomycin hydrochloride 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionVecuronium bromide 1 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionCalcium gluconate Electrolyte
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionCefotaxime sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionCiprofloxacin lactate Antibiotic
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionClonidine hydrochloride Antihypertensive
Compatible 0.02 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 2 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 0,002 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionCloxacillin sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 100 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionDexmedetomidine Sympathomimetic
Compatible 1 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 1 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionDobutamine hydrochloride Cardiotonic
Compatible 7.2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 7,2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
injectionDopamine hydrochloride Cardiotonic
Compatible 7.2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
Compatible 7,2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + NaCl 0,9% or Glucose 5%
injectionEpinephrine hydrochloride Sympathomimetic
Compatible 64 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 64 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionFentanyl citrate Analgesic
Compatible 50 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 50 µg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionFlucloxacillin sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 50 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 50 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionFluconazole Antifungal
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionFurosemide Diuretic
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionGentamicin sulfate Antibiotic
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionHeparin sodium Anticoagulant
Compatible 100 UI/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 100 UI/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionHydrocortisone sodium succinate Anti-inflammatory
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Incompatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionIbuprofen lysinate Anti-inflammatory
Compatible 4 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Incompatible 4 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionIndomethacin sodium trihydrate Anti-inflammatory
Compatible 0.2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 0,2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionInsulin Glucose-lowering
Compatible 0.2 UI/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 0,2 UI/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionLevetiracetam Antiepileptic
Compatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionLinezolid Antibiotic
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionMeropenem Antibiotic
Compatible 50 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 50 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionMetronidazole Antiparasitic
Compatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 5 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionMidazolam hydrochloride Anxiolytic
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionMilrinone lactate Cardiotonic
Compatible 0.4 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0,4 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionMorphine hydrochloride Analgesic
Compatible 0.2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0,2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionMorphine sulfate Analgesic
Compatible 0.2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0,2 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionNorepinephrine bitartrate Sympathomimetic
Compatible 64 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0.064 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 0,064 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionParacetamol Analgesic
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml
injectionPenicillin G sodium Antibiotic
Compatible 0.17 MUI/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 0.17 MUI/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionPhenobarbital sodium Antiepileptic
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 20 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionPiperacillin sodium / tazobactam Antibiotic
Compatible 200 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 200 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection
injectionRifampicin Antibiotic
Compatible 6 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
Compatible 6 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Sodium chloride 0,9%
injectionSodium bicarbonate Electrolyte
Compatible 42 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 42 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionVancomycin hydrochloride Antibiotic
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
Compatible 10 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Glucose 5%
injectionVecuronium bromide Curarimimetic
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine 10 mg/ml + Water for Injection
Compatible 1 mg/ml + injectionCaffeine citrate 20 mg/ml + Water for Injection

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